- new forces of nationalism
- national self determination
- nation state
- suddenly empires illegitimate
African and Asian Independence
- Contradictions of the colonial empires
- a new international climate after WWII
- new elites challenge colonial rule
Comparing freedom struggles
INDIA:
- question "what is indian" arises
- 1885 Indian national congress
- impact of WWI
- Mohandas Gandhi's satyagraha
- All india Muslim league in 1906
- Muhammad ali jinnah and pakistan
- 1947- Partition
SOUTH AFRICA:
- Independence but white minority rule 1910
- British and Boers/Afrikaners
- mature industrial economy using low paid black labor
- pass laws and Bantustans
- African national congress of 1912
- CCP triumphant in 1949
- National Partys apartheid of 1948
- nelson mandela
- turn toward armed struggle in 1960s
- international pressure
- 1944 elections
- continued violence
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