- 19th century = greatest age of global expansion
- Europe becomes center of worlds economy
- many europeans moved beyond europe
New Motives New Means
- demand for raw materials
- demand for agricultural products
- need for market to sell European products
- growth of mass of nationalism in Europe made imperialism popular
- Europeans employed bc foreign market
- Europeans despised other cultures
African Societies Lost Status
- once nations: leaders were king
- 19th century seen by europeans as tribes led by chiefs
- racism
- hierarchy of races emerges
- felt responsible for the weaker races
- it was seen as inevitable that weaker races be destroyed
Western Pressure
- opium wars
- opium = drug
- opium war changes european and chinese relationships
- british selling large amounts of indian opium in China
- chinese authorities realize opium is bad
- opium addictions being seen so authorities try stopping trade
- european merchants bribe officials
- large quantities of silver spent on opium
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